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Is it true that mainly the intelligentsia suffered from Stalinist Terror?

No, although some categories of the intelligentsia were exposed to reprisals - almost without any exceptions: clergy-men, former regular soldiers, jurists, who had served or done their work in pre-Soviet times, and others. The Communists most cruelly repressed intellectuals in the territories they had occupied: in the Baltic States, in the zones of Soviet occupation after the IV. partition of Poland and the partial division of Romania (in Bessarabia), but also in Manchuria (KVZhD = along the Chinese-Eastern Railroad). It is significant that executions of Polish prisoners of war in Katyn, Mednij and Kharkov (their majority were reservists, i.e. they were no regular officers, but belonged to the class of civil intellectuals) took place at the same time as the mass executions of the Polish elite of scientists in the Nazi zone of the occupied Polish territory ("Operation AV").

A little earlier, however, already starting in the 1920s, a really cruel wave of terror developed against the national intelligentsia in the "Union" and "autonomous" provinces of the Russian Empire, and in Middle Asia the extermination troops seized all those, in whose houses they found one single book only, and (in the most favourable case) took them to concentration camps! (These books had been written in Arab ligature, the members of the punitive commando were unable to read them and therefore automatically regarded them as being anti-Soviet). Thus, Soviet textbooks on the history of the USSR tell the whole truth: early in the 1930s there was an absolute illiteracy in Middle Asia. Since those, who had been able to read and write, had already been completely exterminated.

But the total share of intellectuals in the entire mass of the victims of reprisal, evidently, does not considerably differ from their percentage counted on the whole population. Based on the complete number of exiles, the intellectuals were even less in number. The peasants suffered the most terrible losses, not only in Russia, Siberia and the Ukraina, but also in the Baltic States, in East Poland and Bessarabia. 


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